Ribosomal gene amplification in multinucleate oocytes of the egg brooding hylid frog Flectonotus pygmaeus

The multinucleate oocytes of Flectonotus pygmaeus begin as cysts containing 2,000 or more meiotic nuclei. Each nucleus amplifies its ribosomal DNA early in oogenesis. The level of amplification is widely different from one nucleus to another, and ranges from less than 0.1 x C to more than 8 x C. The C value for this species is 1.7 x 10(-12) g of DNA. In oocytes of about 0.5 mm diameter the nuclei sort themselves out into an outer shell of several hundred nuclei that swell up to become much larger than the nuclei that remain in the inner compact mass. Later the outer nuclei continue to swell and decrease in number while the inner nuclei disintegrate and disappear. By the time the oocyte reaches. 1.2 mm diameter there are only a few large nuclei left and each has many large nucleoli and a full set of lampbrush chromosomes. Eventually, only one germinal vesicle nucleus is left, and this has all the characteristics of the single germinal vesicles that are typical of oocytes from other amphibians. It is suggested that the sorting out of nuclei into the inner mass and the outer shell of larger nuclei in middle sized oocytes is a consequence of the positions the nuclei happen to be in at the time, but that the "contest" for the role of germinal vesicle may be won by the nucleus of the outer shell that has the highest ribosomal DNA content.