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Visual loss associated with choroidal nevi.

J R Gonder, J J Augsburger, E F McCarthy

    Ophthalmology
    |August 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Choroidal nevi can cause vision loss through fluid or degeneration, but most small melanotic tumors do not grow. Suspicious lesions require monitoring for potential malignant melanoma development.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Choroidal nevi are common benign melanocytic tumors.
    • Visual impairment from choroidal lesions can be concerning for malignancy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate visual acuity changes in patients with choroidal nevi.
    • To assess the growth and malignant potential of melanotic choroidal tumors causing visual impairment.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 206 patients with clinically diagnosed choroidal nevi.
    • Assessment of visual acuity, lesion characteristics, and follow-up data.

    Main Results:

    • 11% of patients experienced decreased visual acuity due to choroidal nevi.
    • Causes included serous foveal detachment (50%), photoreceptor degeneration (42%), and neovascularization (8%).

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  • 88% of visually impairing melanotic tumors showed no growth over 25 months, suggesting benign nevi; however, 12% enlarged and were reclassified as malignant melanomas.

    • Conclusions:

    • Vision loss from choroidal nevi is often due to secondary effects, not inherent tumor growth.
    • While most small melanotic choroidal tumors are benign, careful monitoring is crucial for suspicious lesions that may represent malignant melanoma.