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Related Experiment Videos

Unusually long mRNA species coding for human alpha and beta interferons.

P B Sehgal, L T May, K S LaForge

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |November 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers found longer interferon (IFN) alpha S and IFN-beta mRNA species in human cells. These longer transcripts are functional and suggest genomic DNA structures influence interferon gene transcription.

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    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Immunology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Interferon (IFN) alpha S genes are intronless and located within DNA homology units in the human genome.
    • Standard IFN-alpha S mRNA species are typically 0.8-1.4 kb.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the full spectrum of RNA transcripts derived from IFN-alpha S genes.
    • To determine the functional relevance of detected RNA transcripts.
    • To explore potential regulatory mechanisms influencing interferon gene expression.

    Main Methods:

    • Detection of polyadenylylated RNA using Northern blot hybridization with an IFN-alpha 1 cDNA probe.
    • Analysis of RNA transcripts in the cytoplasm of human lymphoblastoid (Namalwa) cells and diploid human fibroblasts (FS-4).
    • Assessment of RNA translational activity using the Xenopus oocyte assay and polysome analysis.

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    Main Results:

    • Identification of unexpectedly long polyadenylylated RNA molecules (2-8 kb) derived from IFN-alpha S genes in Namalwa cells.
    • Demonstration that these long transcripts are translationally active and present in polysomes, indicating functional mRNA.
    • Detection of similarly long IFN-beta mRNA species in both Namalwa and FS-4 cells.
    • Observation that IFN-alpha L mRNA does not cross-hybridize with IFN-alpha 1 cDNA, suggesting it originates from a distinct gene set.

    Conclusions:

    • The human genome contains and expresses unusually long IFN-alpha S and IFN-beta mRNA species.
    • These long transcripts are functional and may be influenced by DNA sequence features in flanking homology units.
    • IFN-alpha L mRNA represents a distinct transcript class separate from the IFN-alpha S gene family.