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Anaphylactic reactions to modified fluid gelatins
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|June 1, 1983
Summary
Modified fluid gelatins can cause severe reactions like anaphylactic shock. Skin tests and leukocyte histamine release (LHR) show promise for diagnosing patients sensitive to these plasma expanders.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Medicine
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Modified fluid gelatins are used as plasma expanders due to their osmotic properties.
- Adverse reactions, including anaphylactic shock, can occur, posing diagnostic challenges.
- The underlying mechanisms of these gelatin-induced reactions are not well understood.
Observation:
- Three cases of anaphylactic shock following gelatin administration were investigated.
- Intradermal skin tests were positive in patients at low concentrations of gelatin.
- In vitro leukocyte histamine release (LHR) was positive in patients but negative in controls.
Findings:
- Skin tests and LHR demonstrated patient reactivity to fluid gelatins.
- The addition of D2O (deuterium oxide) significantly increased LHR in patients.
- These results suggest mediator release from mast cells or basophils.
Implications:
- Skin tests and LHR may serve as valuable diagnostic tools for gelatin hypersensitivity.
- The findings suggest a potential role for mast cells or basophils in these reactions.
- Further research is needed to differentiate between immunologic and idiosyncratic mechanisms.
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