Phorbolester-treated human lymphocytes are susceptible to natural killer cell-mediated cytolysis

The tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was found in this study to render normal human lymphocytes susceptible to allogeneic and autologous natural killer (NK) cell lysis. Both T and non-T cells became susceptible after culture for 3 days in the presence of 1 ng/ml TPA. Effector cells were nonadherent mononuclear cells of low density, enriched for large granular lymphocytes and HNK-1+ cells. Activation of effector cells with interferon increased lysis of TPA-treated lymphocytes. The present system may provide a new model to study NK cell target structures.