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Differential mRNA accumulation and translation during Spisula development.

T R Tansey, J V Ruderman

    Developmental Biology
    |October 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Protein synthesis in developing Spisula embryos changes significantly at fertilization and during development. Gene expression is regulated by both mRNA levels and translational control, impacting protein production throughout embryogenesis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Developmental Biology
    • Marine Biology

    Background:

    • Protein synthesis patterns in developing Spisula embryos exhibit significant changes.
    • These changes are regulated at the translational level, particularly around fertilization.
    • Further alterations occur by midcleavage, with ongoing changes throughout development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare protein synthesis patterns in developing Spisula embryos and larvae with in vitro translation products.
    • To investigate the role of translational regulation in gene expression during embryogenesis.
    • To identify and characterize developmentally regulated genes in Spisula.

    Main Methods:

    • One-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to compare in vivo and in vitro protein synthesis.

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  • Construction of a cDNA library from veliger larval RNA.
  • Isolation and characterization of three developmentally regulated cDNA clones (3v4, 12v4, 10v8).
  • Analysis of mRNA levels and polysomal association at different developmental stages.

    • Main Results:

    • Major protein synthesis changes occur at fertilization, regulated translationally.
    • mRNA levels change by midcleavage, paralleling some in vivo protein changes.
    • Clone 3v4 encodes alpha-tubulin; clones 12v4 and 10v8 encode proteins of unknown function.
    • Alpha-tubulin RNA concentration increases by the gastrula stage.
    • RNAs 10v8 and 12v4 appear in trochophore larvae, peaking later.
    • The proportion of translated alpha-tubulin and 10v8 RNA varies with developmental stage, indicating translational control.

    Conclusions:

    • Translational regulation acts in concert with changes in mRNA concentration to control gene expression during Spisula embryogenesis.
    • Specific gene expression patterns are fine-tuned by controlling which mRNAs are actively translated.
    • This study provides insights into the complex regulatory mechanisms governing early development in marine invertebrates.