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Keratin expression during normal epidermal differentiation.

T T Sun, R Eichner, W G Nelson

    Current Problems in Dermatology
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study maps four key human epidermal keratins (65-67K, 58K, 56K, 50K) in skin layers. Specific antibodies reveal distinct keratin distributions, identifying markers for keratinization.

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Epidermal keratins are crucial structural proteins in human skin.
    • Understanding keratin localization is key to comprehending epidermal differentiation and keratinization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To precisely map the distribution of four major epidermal keratins (65-67K, 58K, 56K, and 50K) within normal human epidermis.
    • To identify specific keratins that can serve as molecular markers for keratinization.

    Main Methods:

    • Generation and characterization of guinea pig antisera and mouse monoclonal antibodies against human epidermal keratins.
    • Specificity confirmation using the immunoblot technique.
    • Localization of keratins via immunofluorescence staining of frozen skin sections and analysis of extracted keratins from serial horizontal sections.

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    Main Results:

    • A 65-67K keratin component was found exclusively in suprabasal layers.
    • A 58K keratin was detected throughout the entire epidermis.
    • A 56K keratin was observed in cells above the basal layer, likely in the upper spinous or granular layers.
    • A 50K keratin was present in all living epidermal layers but diminished during stratum corneum formation.

    Conclusions:

    • The 65-67K and 56K keratins are specifically associated with suprabasal, terminally differentiated keratinocytes.
    • These keratins (65-67K and 56K) can be considered reliable molecular markers for the process of keratinization.