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Preclinical and clinical studies of interferons and interferon inducers in breast cancer
Abstract:
Preclinical and clinical studies suggest interferons and interferon inducers have antitumor activity for breast carcinoma. Observations include inhibition of growth of freshly derived and continuously passaged breast carcinoma cells in vitro, decreased tumor size and increased survival in spontaneous mouse mammary carcinoma, inhibition of growth of xenogeneic human breast carcinomas grown in nude mice, and reduction of measurable tumors in women. Since clinical doses and schedules have to date been largely empirically derived, additional studies will be required to define optimal clinical use. Furthermore, not all interferon types or subtypes may prove clinically effective. Therefore, use of interferons or interferon inducers in patients should remain restricted to controlled trials with well-defined research objectives.
Insights
Interferons show antitumor effects against breast carcinoma in preclinical and clinical studies. Further research is needed to optimize interferon use in patients and determine effective types for breast cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- Preclinical and clinical studies indicate potential antitumor activity of interferons and interferon inducers against breast carcinoma.
- Existing research shows inhibition of breast carcinoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the antitumor effects of interferons and interferon inducers in breast carcinoma.
- To highlight the need for further research into optimal clinical application and effective interferon subtypes.
Main Methods:
- Review of preclinical studies involving in vitro cell cultures and in vivo animal models (mouse mammary carcinoma, xenogeneic human breast carcinomas in nude mice).
- Analysis of clinical observations from studies involving human patients with measurable tumors.
Main Results:
- Interferons demonstrated inhibition of breast carcinoma cell growth in vitro.
- Decreased tumor size and increased survival were observed in mouse models.
- Inhibition of xenogeneic human breast carcinoma growth in nude mice was noted.
- Reduction in measurable tumors was observed in human clinical trials.
Conclusions:
- Interferons and interferon inducers exhibit antitumor activity relevant to breast carcinoma treatment.
- Current clinical dosing and scheduling are largely empirical, necessitating further investigation for optimal use.
- Controlled trials are essential to define effective interferon types/subtypes and research objectives for clinical application.