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Related Experiment Videos

The development of self-recognition: a review.

J R Anderson

    Developmental Psychobiology
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Infants develop self-recognition around 15-24 months, using mirror reflections to identify marks on themselves. Early responsiveness to self-reflection and contingent play also indicate developing self-awareness.

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    Does learning a complex task have to be complex? A study in learning decomposition.

    Cognitive psychology·2001

    Area of Science:

    • Developmental psychology
    • Cognitive science
    • Ethology

    Background:

    • Self-recognition is a key developmental milestone.
    • Mirror self-recognition is typically studied in infants.
    • Understanding self-awareness is crucial for cognitive development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the developmental trajectory of self-recognition in infants.
    • To explore various methods and indicators of self-recognition.
    • To discuss cognitive correlates and implications for self-awareness.

    Main Methods:

    • Observing infant responses to mirror reflections, including mark tests.
    • Analyzing differential responsiveness to self vs. peers.
    • Utilizing videotapes to assess contingent play and imitation.
    • Examining responses to still pictures and verbal labels.

    Main Results:

    • The mark test for self-recognition typically emerges between 15 and 24 months.
    • Infants show differential responses to self-reflections by 3 months.
    • Contingency of movement in videos is an early cue for self-recognition.
    • Verbal comprehension of self-labels precedes active self-labeling.

    Conclusions:

    • Self-recognition develops progressively, with varied indicators appearing at different ages.
    • Further research is needed on cognitive correlates and self-awareness in primates.
    • Understanding self-recognition aids in comprehending the broader development of self-awareness.

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