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Leucocyte ascorbic acid and pregnancy.

C J Schorah, P J Zemroch, S Sheppard

    The British Journal of Nutrition
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) levels in white blood cells during early pregnancy are influenced by season, social class, and smoking. Low levels were linked to smaller birth weights but not pregnancy loss.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Human Physiology
    • Nutritional Science

    Background:

    • Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is essential for numerous physiological processes.
    • Leukocyte ascorbic acid concentration is a key indicator of vitamin C status.
    • Understanding vitamin C levels during pregnancy is crucial for maternal and fetal health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To measure leukocyte ascorbic acid concentrations in women during early pregnancy.
    • To investigate the impact of season, social class, and smoking on vitamin C levels.
    • To assess the relationship between vitamin C status and pregnancy outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Leukocyte ascorbic acid concentrations were measured in 1147 females during early pregnancy.
    • Data were collected before conception, throughout pregnancy, and postpartum.

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  • Statistical analysis was used to identify factors influencing vitamin C levels.

    • Main Results:

    • Leukocyte ascorbic acid concentrations varied significantly based on season, social class, and smoking habits.
    • Early pregnancy showed minimal impact, with a decrease in the second trimester.
    • Low first-trimester vitamin C levels correlated with lower infant birth weight (<3250g) but not with spontaneous abortions or neonatal deaths.

    Conclusions:

    • Season, social class, and smoking are significant determinants of vitamin C status in early pregnancy.
    • While total blood vitamin C content remained stable due to associated leucocytosis, localized concentrations varied.
    • Adequate ascorbic acid reserves in early pregnancy may be important for optimal fetal growth.