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Changes in brain amines associated with cancer anorexia.

W T Chance, M F von Meyenfeldt, J E Fischer

    Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Cancer anorexia in rats is linked to increased serotonin metabolism, not just undernutrition. Tumor-bearing animals showed higher levels of tryptophan, serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, suggesting a role in appetite loss.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Oncology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Cancer anorexia is a complex condition affecting tumor-bearing patients.
    • Indole amine and catecholamine metabolism are implicated in appetite regulation.
    • Previous studies have not fully elucidated the role of neurotransmitters in cancer anorexia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate indole amine and catecholamine metabolism in animal models of cancer anorexia.
    • To determine if observed metabolic changes are due to the tumor or undernutrition.
    • To explore the potential role of serotonin in the etiology of cancer anorexia.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of plasma and whole brain levels of tryptophan, serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in tumor-bearing rats (Walker 256 and methycholanthrene-induced sarcoma) and pair-fed controls.
    • Regional determination of indole amine and catecholamine concentrations in specific brain areas.
    • Comparison of metabolic profiles between acute and chronic tumor models.

    Main Results:

    • Elevated plasma free tryptophan, whole brain tryptophan, serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were observed in anorectic tumor-bearing rats.
    • Specific brain regions showed increased tryptophan, serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, with variations between tumor models.
    • Catecholamine levels, including norepinephrine, showed limited changes, and indole amine alterations were not present in pair-fed controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Increased serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels in tumor-bearing rats are likely due to the tumor, not solely undernutrition.
    • The observed alterations in serotonin metabolism suggest a significant role in the development of cancer anorexia.
    • Further research into serotonin pathways may offer therapeutic targets for managing cancer-related appetite loss.

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