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Thyroid function in lung cancer.

J G Ratcliffe, B H Stack, R W Burt

    British Medical Journal
    |January 28, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Thyroid function abnormalities, particularly low triiodothyronine (T3) levels, are common in lung cancer patients. These changes in thyroid hormone metabolism may indicate a poorer prognosis.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Oncology
    • Metabolic Research

    Background:

    • Thyroid dysfunction is a recognized comorbidity in various cancers.
    • Lung cancer patients may exhibit altered thyroid hormone profiles.
    • Understanding these alterations is crucial for prognostic assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate thyroid function in newly diagnosed lung cancer patients.
    • To compare thyroid function between lung cancer patients and those with non-malignant lung disease.
    • To explore the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and lung cancer prognosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Thyroid function tests (T3, T4, TSH, FTI) were performed on 204 lung cancer patients at diagnosis.
    • Patients were age and sex-matched with controls having non-malignant lung disease.

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  • Statistical analysis compared thyroid function parameters and outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • 33% of lung cancer patients showed thyroid function abnormalities.
    • Low triiodothyronine (T3) was the most frequent abnormality, associated with worse short-term prognosis.
    • Altered thyroid hormone metabolism included reduced T3, increased T4/T3 ratios, and elevated 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (rT3).
    • These changes were noted in small cell and large cell lung cancers, independent of metastases.

    Conclusions:

    • Lung cancer is associated with significant alterations in thyroid hormone metabolism, primarily decreased T4 5'-monodeiodination.
    • Reduced T3 and altered T4/T3 ratios may contribute to poor prognostic indicators in lung cancer.
    • Thyroid function assessment is important in lung cancer management.