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Dental sensory receptors.

M R Byers

    International Review of Neurobiology
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dental nerves include sensory and sympathetic axons, with sensory endings reaching into dentin. These nerve endings are active somatosensory receptors, distinct from pulp nerves.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Dental Biology
    • Histology

    Background:

    • Teeth possess intricate innervation crucial for sensory perception and physiological regulation.
    • Understanding dental innervation patterns is key to explaining tooth sensitivity and pain.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To detail the types, distribution, and ultrastructure of nerve endings within teeth.
    • To compare innervation in mature versus continuously erupting teeth.

    Main Methods:

    • Histological examination of dental tissues.
    • Axonal transport studies to trace nerve endings.
    • Electron microscopy to analyze nerve ending ultrastructure.

    Main Results:

    • Teeth are innervated by sympathetic and sensory axons (C-fiber, A-delta, A-beta).
    • Sensory nerve endings are present in the pulp, odontoblastic layer, predentin, and dentin, with high density near pulp horns.
    • Nerve endings in dentin are active, containing typical somatosensory receptor organelles and associated with companion cells like odontoblasts.

    Conclusions:

    • Dental sensory nerve endings are structurally and functionally similar to other somatosensory receptors.
    • Innervation patterns differ between mature and continuously erupting teeth, with the latter lacking dentinal innervation.

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