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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Surveying, Plane Surveying and Geodetic Surveys01:27

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Surveying is the art and science of mapping the earth's surface. It involves measuring distances, angles in horizontal or vertical directions, and levels to understand the shape and size of land features. Surveying techniques are essential for various tasks, such as identifying the levels of a land area with reference to a specific point, and mapping undulations and water bodies.There are two main types of surveying: plane surveys and geodetic surveys. Plane surveys assume the earth is flat,...
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Types of Surveys01:27

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Surveys are essential for marking property boundaries near water bodies. Different types of surveys are defined, each with its own function. Land surveys mark the property boundaries, while route surveys determine the position of properties on nearby highways. Topographic surveys create maps by capturing the three-dimensional features of the land. Hydrographic surveys focus on the shapes of underwater areas and the movement of streams through the properties. Mine surveys determine the relative...
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Surveying near highways, rough terrain, or power lines involves significant risks. Working along highways is particularly dangerous and requires the use of warning signs and flagmen. It is safest to avoid working directly on roads and use offsets whenever possible. When highway work is unavoidable, it must follow all safety guidelines. Surveyors should wear bright clothing, such as orange reflective vests, to ensure visibility to motorists, coworkers, and hunters. In construction zones, wearing...
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Errors and Mistakes in Surveying01:19

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Errors and mistakes in surveying refer to inaccuracies in measurements and data recording. The errors are deviations from the actual value caused by human sensory limitations, equipment flaws, or environmental effects. These errors are typically unintentional and can result from the inherent imperfections in the instruments used, atmospheric conditions, or the observer’s inability to perceive exact measurements. On the other hand, mistakes are caused by the surveyor's lack of...
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Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

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IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
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Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Surveying Low-Cost Methods to Measure Lifespan and Healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Iohexol in urography. Survey and present state.

L Ekelund

    Acta Radiologica. Supplementum
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Iohexol demonstrates excellent radiographic quality and patient safety in urography, showing fewer adverse reactions than traditional contrast agents. It is a suitable choice for adult urography and potentially the preferred option for pediatric procedures.

    Area of Science:

    • Radiology
    • Medical Imaging
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Urography is a key diagnostic imaging technique.
    • Conventional ionic contrast media have known limitations and adverse effects.
    • Iohexol is a non-ionic contrast agent evaluated for urographic applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review clinical documentation on iohexol for urography.
    • To assess the radiographic properties and patient tolerability of iohexol.
    • To compare iohexol's safety profile with conventional ionic contrast media.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing clinical documentation and studies.
    • Analysis of radiographic performance data.
    • Evaluation of reported adverse reactions and patient tolerability.

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    Main Results:

    • Iohexol exhibits good radiographic properties for urography.
    • Patient tolerability of iohexol is favorable.
    • Iohexol demonstrates a lower incidence of adverse reactions compared to tested ionic contrast media.

    Conclusions:

    • Iohexol is well-suited for urography in adult patients.
    • Iohexol may be the preferred contrast medium for pediatric urography due to its safety and efficacy.