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Related Concept Videos

Cells of the Epidermis01:24

Cells of the Epidermis

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The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...
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Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

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Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen...
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Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Tissue Membranes01:27

Tissue Membranes

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A tissue membrane is a thin layer of cells that covers the outside of the body, the organs, internal passageways that lead to the exterior of the body, and the lining of the moveable joint cavities. There are two basic types of tissue membranes— connective tissue and epithelial membranes.
Connective Tissue Membranes
The connective tissue membrane is formed solely from connective tissue. These membranes encapsulate organs, such as the kidneys, and line our movable joints. A synovial...
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Layers of the Epidermis01:21

Layers of the Epidermis

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The epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin, is composed of several distinct layers. From deep to superficial, the layers of the epidermis are as follows:
Stratum Basale
Stratum basale, also known as the stratum germinativum, is the deepest layer of the epidermis. It is composed of a single layer of actively dividing cells called basal cells or basal keratinocytes. These cells constantly undergo cell division to replenish the upper layers of the epidermis. Additionally, melanocytes, which...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Cultivating a Three-dimensional Reconstructed Human Epidermis at a Large Scale
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Cultivating a Three-dimensional Reconstructed Human Epidermis at a Large Scale

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The epidermal Merkel cell is an epithelial cell.

J H Saurat, L Didierjean

    Dermatologica
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    TROMA 1, a monoclonal antibody, reacts with epidermal Merkel cells, confirming their epithelial origin. This finding is crucial for understanding skin cell development and related conditions.

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Cell Biology
    • Immunohistochemistry

    Background:

    • Merkel cells (MCs) are specialized cells found in the epidermis.
    • Their precise origin and differentiation pathways have been a subject of ongoing research.
    • Understanding MC origin is vital for diagnosing and treating skin conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the cellular origin of epidermal Merkel cells.
    • To utilize immunohistochemical markers for cell identification.

    Main Methods:

    • Employing TROMA 1, a monoclonal antibody targeting cytokeratin.
    • Performing immunohistochemical staining on epidermal tissue samples.

    Main Results:

    • TROMA 1 demonstrated specific reactivity with epidermal Merkel cells.

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  • The observed reactivity pattern supports a shared cytokeratin expression profile.

    • Conclusions:

    • The study provides strong evidence for the epithelial origin of Merkel cells.
    • This confirms that Merkel cells originate from the epidermis, contributing to our knowledge of skin histogenesis.