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Antigenic determinant(s) shared by the human Thy 1 and human IgG.

L Bonewald, A C Wang, I Y Wang

|May 1, 1984

Summary

Researchers found shared antigenic determinants between human T cell antigen p25 (Thy 1) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses. This cross-reactivity was specific to IgG and involved specific disulfide bonds in both molecules.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Cell Biology
Protein Chemistry

Background:

The human T cell differentiation antigen p25, also known as Thy 1, was previously identified as the mouse theta equivalent.
Immunoglobulins (Ig) are crucial proteins in the immune system, with different classes (IgM, IgG, IgA) having distinct structures and functions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate potential shared antigenic determinants between the human T cell differentiation antigen p25 (Thy 1) and immunoglobulins.
To characterize the specificity of cross-reactivity between anti-p25 antiserum and human immunoglobulin subclasses.

Main Methods:

Generation of antiserum against the human T cell differentiation antigen p25 (Thy 1).
Testing the cross-reactivity of the anti-p25 antiserum with various human immunoglobulin subclasses (IgM, IgG, IgA) and primate immunoglobulins using immunological assays.

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Main Results:

A strong cross-reactivity was observed between the antiserum raised against p25 (Thy 1) and human IgG subclasses.
The antiserum did not react with human IgM or IgA, indicating specificity for IgG.
No cross-reactivity was found with primate immunoglobulins.

Conclusions:

Shared antigenic determinants exist between human T cell antigen p25 (Thy 1) and human IgG subclasses.
These shared determinants are localized to specific structural regions, including disulfide-bonded cysteines in the constant domains of IgG and the 9-112 disulfide bond of Thy 1.
The findings suggest a potential structural or evolutionary link between T cell antigens and immunoglobulins.