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A basophil-activating factor from human T lymphocytes.

E J Goetzl, D W Foster, D G Payan

    Immunology
    |October 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Human T lymphocytes release a factor that activates basophils, causing histamine release. This basophil-activating factor (BAF-T) is a distinct protein mediator involved in immune responses.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cellular Biology
    • Protein Chemistry

    Background:

    • Human T lymphocytes generate activity upon stimulation.
    • This activity elicits non-cytotoxic histamine release from human basophils.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and characterize the factor responsible for T lymphocyte-induced basophil activation.
    • To determine the properties and specificity of this basophil-activating factor.

    Main Methods:

    • Sequential filtration using Sephadex G-100 and Fractogel 55F chromatography.
    • Isoelectric focusing to determine protein properties.
    • Affinity chromatography using anti-IgE and testing histamine release from desensitized cells and other cell types.

    Main Results:

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    • A predominant basophil-activating factor (BAF-T) with a molecular weight of 70,000-90,000 was isolated.
    • BAF-T consists of two acidic proteins with pI values of approximately 4.4 and 5.2-5.5.
    • BAF-T is distinct from IgE and shows target cell specificity, not activating human lung mast cells or dog mastocytoma cells.

    Conclusions:

    • BAF-T is a novel mediator released by T lymphocytes.
    • BAF-T plays a specific role in T lymphocyte- and basophil-mediated cellular immune and hypersensitivity responses.