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Temporality across the life-span.

P Cameron, K G Desai, D Bahador

    International Journal of Aging & Human Development
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study explored how people

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Cross-cultural psychology
    • Cognitive science

    Background:

    • Understanding temporal orientation is crucial for cognitive and developmental psychology.
    • Cross-cultural variations in temporal cognition remain an under-explored area.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate age and social class differences in temporal orientation (past, present, future) across diverse cultural groups.
    • To examine how individuals perceive their past, present, and future across the lifespan.

    Main Methods:

    • Seven cross-cultural studies involving 9000+ participants aged 4-99.
    • Interviews assessing consciousness and temporal focus (present, past, future).
    • Analysis of temporal orientation and planfulness in relation to age and social class.

    Related Experiment Videos

    Main Results:

    • U.S. participants predominantly focused on the present, with present-orientation increasing and future-orientation decreasing with age.
    • Typical thought extended further into the future than the past, but memories reached further into the past than future expectations.
    • Higher social class correlated with greater claimed planfulness, which peaked in the 18-39 age group.

    Conclusions:

    • Temporal orientation and planfulness exhibit significant age-related shifts and cross-cultural variations.
    • Social class influences perceived planfulness, independent of future-orientation frequency.
    • Findings highlight the dynamic nature of temporal cognition across the lifespan and diverse societies.