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Activity of isotretinoin against squamous cell cancers and preneoplastic lesions
Abstract:
We investigated the effect of the synthetic vitamin A derivative isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) on advanced cancers in 103 patients and on preneoplastic lesions in five patients. Six of 14 patients with squamous cell epithelial cancers had objective regressions of skin or subcutaneous metastases. Three of five patients with preneoplastic lesions had objective responses. The major dose-limiting toxic effects were reversible dermatitis, emotional lability, and headaches. We conclude that the growth of some squamous cell epithelial malignancies can be inhibited by isotretinoin and suggest that other retinoids should be evaluated as antitumor agents.
Insights
Isotretinoin, a vitamin A derivative, showed antitumor effects in patients with advanced squamous cell cancers and preneoplastic lesions. Further research into retinoids for cancer treatment is recommended.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Dermatology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Synthetic retinoids, vitamin A derivatives, are explored for therapeutic potential.
- Isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) is a notable synthetic retinoid.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of isotretinoin in patients with advanced cancers and preneoplastic lesions.
- To identify dose-limiting toxic effects of isotretinoin in this patient cohort.
Main Methods:
- A clinical investigation involving 103 patients with advanced cancers and 5 patients with preneoplastic lesions.
- Objective assessment of tumor regression and response to isotretinoin treatment.
Main Results:
- Objective regressions of skin or subcutaneous metastases were observed in 6 of 14 patients with squamous cell epithelial cancers.
- Three of five patients with preneoplastic lesions demonstrated objective responses to isotretinoin.
- Reversible dermatitis, emotional lability, and headaches were identified as major dose-limiting toxic effects.
Conclusions:
- Isotretinoin demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth of certain squamous cell epithelial malignancies.
- The findings support further investigation of retinoids as potential antitumor agents in oncology.