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Suppressor T cell activity in splenectomized subjects.

I Melamed, V Zakuth, E Tzechoval

    Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Immunology
    |April 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Splenectomy can impair immune function by reducing suppressor cell activity in peripheral blood lymphocytes. This effect is more pronounced in trauma patients and appears to be linked to the time since surgery.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Surgical Oncology

    Background:

    • Splenectomy, the surgical removal of the spleen, is performed for various medical conditions including trauma and hematological diseases.
    • The spleen plays a crucial role in immune surveillance and regulation.
    • The long-term impact of splenectomy on immune function, particularly suppressor cell activity, requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of splenectomy on the suppressor activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes.
    • To assess lymphocyte blast transformation in response to mitogens post-splenectomy.
    • To identify factors influencing changes in immune suppressor activity after spleen removal.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied 63 soldiers who underwent splenectomy 1-24 years prior.
    • Measured peripheral blood lymphocyte suppressor cell activity using the Concanavalin A (Con A) method.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed lymphocyte blast transformation in response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Con A, and pokeweed mitogen (PWM).

    • Main Results:

    • A decrease in suppressor cell activity was observed in 23.8% of splenectomized patients.
    • The reduction in suppressor activity was slightly higher in patients splenectomized for trauma compared to elective splenectomy.
    • Decreased suppressor activity was more frequent within 5 years post-surgery and in female patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Splenectomy interferes with normal immunoregulatory mechanisms.
    • Reduced suppressor cell activity post-splenectomy may have implications beyond increased susceptibility to pyogenic infections.
    • The findings highlight the potential for long-term immune dysregulation following splenectomy.