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Physarum myosin light chain binds calcium.

D Kessler, L C Eisenlohr, M J Lathwell

    Cell Motility
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Physarum myosin light chain LC-2 binds calcium, a function previously unknown for essential myosin light chains. This calcium binding may regulate force production in slime mold cytoplasmic streaming.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Cell Biology
    • Molecular Motors

    Background:

    • Myosin, a motor protein, is crucial for cellular movement.
    • Slime mold Physarum polycephalum exhibits calcium-dependent cytoplasmic streaming.
    • Myosin light chains play regulatory roles in muscle and non-muscle cells.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate calcium-binding properties of Physarum polycephalum myosin light chains.
    • To determine the role of calcium binding in myosin function and cytoplasmic streaming.

    Main Methods:

    • Electrophoretic analysis of myosin polypeptides in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gels.
    • Comparison of polypeptide migration in the presence and absence of calcium ions.
    • Testing the ability of other divalent cations (lanthanides, cadmium, magnesium) to substitute for calcium.

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    Main Results:

    • Physarum myosin light chain LC-2 exhibited a decrease in apparent molecular weight upon calcium addition, indicating calcium binding.
    • Lanthanide and cadmium ions, but not magnesium, could substitute for calcium in binding to LC-2.
    • Myosin heavy chain and LC-1 showed no evidence of calcium binding.
    • Physarum LC-2, identified as an essential light chain, possesses high-affinity divalent cation binding sites.

    Conclusions:

    • Physarum myosin LC-2 has a specific calcium-binding site, potentially regulating actomyosin force production.
    • This finding challenges existing models, as essential myosin light chains were not known to bind calcium.
    • A revised myosin-based model for calcium regulation of actomyosin may be necessary for understanding cytoplasmic movement in Physarum and other systems.