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lambda Phage cro repressor interaction with DNA.

K T Arndt, F Boschelli, J Cook

    The Journal of Biological Chemistry
    |April 10, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Corrigenda.

    The bone & joint journal·2021

    This study corrects previous errors in assigning NMR signals for the cro repressor protein from phage lambda. It demonstrates a new method using fluorinated amino acids for better structural analysis of protein-DNA interactions.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Biophysics
    • Structural Biology

    Background:

    • The cro repressor protein from Escherichia coli lysogenic phage lambda plays a crucial role in viral DNA replication.
    • Accurate structural and functional analysis of the cro repressor is essential for understanding phage lambda biology.
    • Previous resonance assignments for the cro repressor's aromatic region using conventional methods contained errors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To achieve complete and accurate identification of resonances in the aromatic region of the 1H NMR spectrum of the cro repressor.
    • To investigate the effects of DNA complex formation on the cro repressor structure using NMR spectroscopy.
    • To validate and refine existing models of cro repressor-DNA complexes.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized two-dimensional NMR analysis for resonance identification.

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  • Employed specifically deuterated tyrosines to aid spectral assignment.
  • Incorporated 3-fluorophenylalanine or 3-fluorotyrosine into the cro repressor for 19F NMR studies.
  • Used a cloned structural gene in an inducible system for producing modified proteins.
  • Main Results:

    • Successfully identified resonances in the aromatic region of the 1H NMR spectrum of the cro repressor.
    • Revealed substantial errors in previously published resonance assignments.
    • Demonstrated that fluoro-analogues are practical for NMR spectroscopy, enabling specific nuclear spin incorporation.
    • Observed changes in NMR spectra upon complex formation with DNA, providing insights into structural alterations.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides a complete and accurate resonance assignment for the cro repressor's aromatic region.
    • The findings correct significant errors in prior research, improving the reliability of cro repressor structural data.
    • The use of fluorinated analogues and inducible gene expression systems is a viable strategy for producing protein samples for advanced NMR studies.
    • The NMR data offer direct experimental support for speculative models of cro repressor-DNA complexes derived from X-ray crystallography.