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Related Concept Videos

Impact of Individuals on a Group01:25

Impact of Individuals on a Group

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In social psychology, the interplay between individuals and groups is a central concern, particularly regarding how individual actions and characteristics influence group processes and outcomes. While much research emphasizes the group's power in shaping individual behavior, it is equally significant to understand how individuals contribute to the functioning, development, and success of groups.Individual Roles in Group Productivity and Decision-MakingIndividuals are not passive participants in...
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Social Loafing01:37

Social Loafing

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Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated,...
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Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

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According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
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Factors Affecting Workability01:24

Factors Affecting Workability

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The workability of concrete is a critical characteristic that influences the ease of mixing, handling, and finishing the concrete. It is affected by several factors including water content, aggregate properties, and admixtures like air entrainment. Water plays a fundamental role as it lubricates the concrete mix, facilitating easier movement and placement. However, the water requirement varies depending on the texture and shape of aggregates. Finer particles and angular, rough-textured...
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Social Traps01:41

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Social traps are negative situations where people get caught in a direction or relationship that later proves to be unpleasant, with no easy way to back out of or avoid. The concept was orignally introduced by John Platt who applied psychology to Garrett Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons", where in New England herd owners could let their cattle graze in the common ground. This situation seems like a good idea, but an individual could have an advantage. If they owned...
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Humanistic Psychology01:24

Humanistic Psychology

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Humanistic psychology emerged in the mid-20th century as a response to the deterministic and pessimistic nature of behaviorism and psychoanalysis. While behaviorism focused on observable behaviors influenced by the environment and psychoanalysis delved into unconscious motivations, both theories suggested that human actions lacked free will. In contrast, humanistic psychology offers a perspective that emphasizes the innate potential for goodness and growth within every individual.
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Related Experiment Videos

The human factor--the weakest link?

H D Brede

    Laboratory Animal Science
    |April 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Preventing human-to-animal disease transmission is crucial for laboratory animal health. This study highlights key control points and training needs for laboratory animal technicians in Germany.

    Related Experiment Videos

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Laboratory Animal Science

    Background:

    • Human-to-animal disease transmission poses a significant risk to laboratory animal health.
    • Specific pathogens like Mycoplasmas, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus are identified as key hazards.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline the German Animal-Laboratory-Information-System (ALIS) for laboratory animal care.
    • To identify critical control points for preventing human error and disease transmission.
    • To describe the training program for laboratory animal technicians in Germany.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the German Animal-Laboratory-Information-System (ALIS).
    • Reviewed potential hazards including specific strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
    • Analyzed facility design and procedural factors impacting animal health.

    Main Results:

    • Identified critical areas for human error prevention: facility design (distance from processing areas, sewer diameter, HVAC, noise), and procedures (water, cage changing, animal wetting, quarantine, species separation).
    • Detailed the two-tiered training system for laboratory animal technicians, including a 2-year formal program.
    • Emphasized pre-training allergy screening for personnel.

    Conclusions:

    • Implementing ALIS and addressing identified control points can enhance laboratory animal welfare.
    • Standardized training and allergy screening are vital for competent laboratory animal care personnel.
    • Minimizing human error is paramount in safeguarding the health of research animals.