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Confrontation naming impairment in dementia.

K A Bayles, C K Tomoeda

    Brain and Language
    |May 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dementia patients, particularly those with Alzheimer's disease, show impaired confrontation naming. Most naming errors in dementia are semantic or visual-semantic, challenging misperception theories.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuropsychology
    • Neurology
    • Cognitive Science

    Background:

    • Confrontation naming deficits are a known consequence of various dementing illnesses.
    • Existing theories suggest misperception as the primary cause of naming errors in dementia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of dementia etiology and severity on confrontation naming.
    • To examine the nature of naming errors across different dementia types.

    Main Methods:

    • Assessed confrontation naming in individuals with Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multi-infarct dementia.
    • Compared naming performance across different severity levels and etiological groups against normal controls.

    Main Results:

    • Mild dementia patients did not show significant naming impairment.
    • Moderate Alzheimer's disease patients exhibited significantly more naming errors than controls.
    • Moderate Huntington's and Parkinson's disease patients made more errors than normals, but not significantly.

    Conclusions:

    • Confrontation naming is not universally impaired in early-stage dementia.
    • Semantic and visual-semantic errors are prevalent, suggesting complex cognitive processing rather than simple misperception.
    • Findings challenge theories attributing naming errors solely to perceptual deficits.

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