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Adaptation to extrauterine existence: cardiac and respiratory rates during the first 72 hours

J Hahn, M Junge, A Fenner

    Padiatrie Und Padologie
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed

    Insights

    This study monitored respiratory and cardiac rates in 29 underweight newborns, finding consistent respiratory-to-cardiac ratios and elevated rates in low-Apgar infants. True preterm infants showed higher cardiac rates than small-for-gestational-age infants.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal physiology
    • Cardiorespiratory monitoring

    Background:

    • Underweight newborns, including true preterm and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants, present unique physiological challenges.
    • Understanding cardiorespiratory dynamics in the early hours of life is crucial for assessing neonatal well-being.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze respiratory rates (RR) and cardiac rates (CR) in asymptomatic underweight newborns during the first 72 hours of life.
    • To investigate the respiratory-to-cardiac ratio (RR/CR) and its stability.
    • To compare cardiorespiratory parameters between true preterm and SGA infants.

    Main Methods:

    • Continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring was performed on 29 asymptomatic underweight newborns (10 true preterm, 19 SGA) within the first 72 hours of life.
    • Respiratory and cardiac rates were recorded and analyzed.

    Main Results:

    • Respiratory rates were slightly elevated on the first day of life.
    • The respiratory-to-cardiac ratio (RR/CR) remained remarkably constant throughout the first three days.
    • Infants with lower Apgar scores exhibited initially elevated respiratory rates.
    • True preterm infants demonstrated higher cardiac rates compared to SGA infants.

    Conclusions:

    • The cardiorespiratory patterns observed suggest distinct physiological characteristics in true preterm and SGA infants.
    • The stability of the RR/CR ratio indicates a consistent regulatory mechanism in early neonatal life.
    • Some observed phenomena require further investigation to be fully explained by current physiological knowledge.

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