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Related Experiment Videos

The alternative complement pathway control protein H binds to immune complexes and serves their detection.

U E Nydegger, A Corvetta, P J Spaeth

    Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Immune complexes bind complement protein H (a complement pathway control protein), which can be detected using radioiodinated H. Elevated H-binding indicates immune complex presence in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Complement System
    • Protein Interactions

    Background:

    • Immune complexes (ICs) are central to autoimmune diseases.
    • The complement system, particularly the alternative pathway, plays a critical role in IC clearance.
    • Complement protein H (H) regulates the alternative pathway and interacts with C3b deposited on ICs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a method for detecting ICs based on H binding.
    • To investigate the diagnostic potential of H-binding to ICs in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

    Main Methods:

    • Immune complexes were formed using tetanus toxoid (Te)/anti-Te.
    • Binding of radioiodinated H (125I-H) to ICs was measured using polyethyleneglycol precipitation.

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  • Serum samples from RA, SLE patients, and healthy controls were analyzed for 125I-H binding.
  • Conglutinin- and C1q-binding activities were also assessed for comparison.

    • Main Results:

    • 125I-H binding to Te/anti-Te ICs was dependent on complement activation.
    • Serum samples from RA and SLE patients showed significantly elevated 125I-H binding compared to normal sera.
    • A significant correlation was observed between H-binding and C1q-binding activities, but not conglutinin-binding.
    • 47% of RA and 75% of SLE samples exhibited H-binding above normal levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Radioiodinated H binding is a sensitive method for detecting immune complexes.
    • Elevated H-binding to ICs is a potential biomarker for RA and SLE.
    • This assay identifies a distinct population of pathological immune complexes.