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A noninvasive acoustic method using frequency perturbations and computer-generated vocal-tract shapes.

D A Beckman, D C Wold, J C Montague

    Journal of Speech and Hearing Research
    |June 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study analyzed acoustic data from adults with Down's syndrome, revealing unusual vocal characteristics like diplophonia and distinct vocal-tract shapes. These findings suggest potential for noninvasive voice disorder diagnostics and therapies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Speech-Language Pathology
    • Acoustic Phonetics
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Individuals with Down's syndrome often exhibit speech and voice differences.
    • Understanding these differences requires advanced acoustic analysis techniques.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate and improve the processing of acoustic data from adults with Down's syndrome.
    • To identify specific acoustic and articulatory characteristics associated with Down's syndrome speech.

    Main Methods:

    • Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT) spectrum analysis of sustained vowels.
    • Period-by-period measurement of fundamental frequencies (jitter) and formant frequencies.
    • Computer-generated plotting of vocal-tract shapes using Ladefoged's algorithm.
    • Factor analysis to identify individual differences in speech production.

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    Main Results:

    • Diplophonia (unusual frequency perturbation) was identified in one subject.
    • Distinct vocal-tract shapes were observed, particularly for back vowels, differing from typical shapes.
    • Correlations were computed between Down's syndrome subjects' vocal-tract shapes and those of unimpaired individuals.

    Conclusions:

    • Acoustic analysis and vocal-tract shape visualization offer insights into speech production in Down's syndrome.
    • These methods may provide noninvasive diagnostic and therapeutic benefits for voice and resonance disorders.