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Updated: Jul 24, 2026

Synergizing Antegrade Endoscopic with Bridging Vein Harvesting for Improvement of Great Saphenous Vein Graft Quality from the Lower Leg
Published on: November 19, 2019
Simplified outpatient lower extremity venography
Abstract:
Improved lower extremity venography has been achieved by a distally directed superficial foot venipuncture. Supine position and short procedure time afford excellent patient acceptance. Dilute contrast is believed responsible for eliminating venospasm and postvenography phlebitis; the low sodium concentration permits safe evaluation of cardiac patients. Sequential imaging (and the use of anteroposterior and lateral projections) eliminates false positive and negative interpretations. Skip areas are avoided by the use of 90-cm (36-inch) cassettes.
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