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On defining microcardia: application in pulmonary emphysema.

R E Wigh

    Southern Medical Journal
    |February 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Microcardia, defined as a cardiothoracic ratio of 38% or less in males over 40, is strongly linked to subclinical pulmonary emphysema. Early detection via heart measurement can prompt prophylactic treatment for this condition.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Pulmonology
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Microcardia is defined as a cardiothoracic ratio of 38% or less in males after the fourth decade.
    • Pulmonary emphysema is a potential underlying cause for microcardia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To establish a definition for microcardia in males.
    • To investigate the association between microcardia and pulmonary emphysema.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of cardiothoracic ratios in male Veterans Hospital patients aged 41-83.
    • Comparison of cardiothoracic ratios in patients with and without emphysema.

    Main Results:

    • A cardiothoracic ratio of 38% or less was identified as indicative of microcardia.
    • The probability of having microcardia without emphysema was less than 1% in the study group.

    Conclusions:

    • Microcardia, even as an isolated finding, suggests the presence of subclinical emphysema.
    • Measurement of heart size, including decreased size, is crucial for patient assessment.

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