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Ocular syphilis. Acute and chronic.

T C Spoor, P Wynn, W C Hartel

Journal of Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology

|September 1, 1983

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

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Syphilis can cause serious eye problems, including iritis and optic nerve damage. Doctors should consider syphilis in patients with unexplained eye issues and use specific FTA-ABS tests for diagnosis, not just VDRL screening.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Infectious Diseases
Neuro-Ophthalmology

Background:

Syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection, can present with diverse systemic and ocular manifestations.
Ocular involvement in syphilis can lead to significant visual impairment if not promptly diagnosed and treated.

Observation:

This study reviewed 32 patients with acute and chronic syphilis over two years, focusing on their ocular symptoms.
Common ocular findings included recurrent iritis, chorioretinitis, papillitis, optic atrophy, and abnormal pupillary responses.

Findings:

Specific serologic testing, such as the Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption (FTA-ABS) test, is crucial for accurate syphilis diagnosis in patients with ocular symptoms.
Standard screening serologies like the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test may be insufficient for diagnosing ocular syphilis.

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Implications:

Ophthalmologists and infectious disease specialists should consider syphilis in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with unexplained or recurrent ocular inflammatory and neurological conditions.
Intravenous penicillin G (24 million units daily for 10 days) is recommended for patients with confirmed central nervous system (CNS) involvement or active ocular syphilis.