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Suppressor T cell activation by human leukocyte interferon.

H W Schnaper, T M Aune, C W Pierce

    Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
    |November 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Human leukocyte interferon alpha (IFN alpha) activates suppressor T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). These activated cells suppress immune responses, and their activity is blocked by catalase and 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME).

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology
    • Virology

    Background:

    • Murine fibroblast interferon (IFN beta) activates murine suppressor T lymphocytes.
    • The in vitro immune suppressive effects of human interferons (IFN) are not well understood.
    • Investigating whether human IFN activates suppressor T cells is crucial for understanding immune modulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine if human leukocyte interferon (IFN alpha) activates suppressor T cells in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).
    • To characterize the properties of IFN alpha-induced suppressor cells and their role in immune suppression.

    Main Methods:

    • Human PBMC were treated with varying doses of IFN alpha.
    • Suppression of pokeweed mitogen-induced immunoglobulin production was measured.

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  • Activated suppressor cells were identified using monoclonal antibodies (OKT8+).
  • The effect of catalase, ascorbic acid, and 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) on suppression was evaluated.

    • Main Results:

    • IFN alpha suppressed immunoglobulin production by human PBMC in a dose-dependent manner.
    • IFN alpha-activated suppressor cells inhibited autologous PBMC responses.
    • Suppression was blocked by catalase, ascorbic acid, and 2-ME, suggesting similarities to murine suppressor T cells.
    • OKT8+ T lymphocytes were identified as the suppressor cells activated by IFN alpha.
    • IFN alpha-activated suppressor cells also inhibited mixed lymphocyte and mitogen-stimulated proliferation.

    Conclusions:

    • Human leukocyte interferon alpha (IFN alpha) activates OKT8+ suppressor T lymphocytes in human PBMC cultures.
    • The mechanism of suppression involves factors sensitive to catalase, 2-ME, and ascorbic acid.
    • These findings suggest a conserved mechanism of suppressor T cell activation by interferons across species.