Intraorbital ophthalmic aneurysms and arteriovenous fistulae

Angiographically documented aneurysms and arteriovenous fistulae of the intraorbital segment of the ophthalmic artery are extremely rare. A unique patient is presented who had both lesions within the same orbit. History of this disease entity is traced briefly, pertinent anatomy and embryology are reviewed, and an explanation is offered on the pathogenesis of these lesions based on embryology.