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Learning theory, intelligence, and mental development.

K G Scott

    American Journal of Mental Deficiency
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This review traces the history of experimental research on mental retardation, highlighting methodological flaws and evolving models of intelligence and learning. It emphasizes the development of sophisticated research designs and intervention strategies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Special Education

    Background:

    • Historically, intelligence was defined as the ability to learn.
    • This definition evolved to include stages and subprocesses of learning.
    • Early research on learning in individuals with mental retardation often overlooked this historical context.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a historical perspective on experimental research in mental retardation.
    • To identify and analyze methodological errors in past research.
    • To review the evolution of models of intelligence and their relation to intervention strategies.

    Main Methods:

    • Historical analysis of experimental research on mental retardation.
    • Review of early definitions and subsequent refinements of intelligence.

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  • Examination of methodological approaches and their limitations.
  • Discussion of theoretical models, including Kappauf's three-dimensional model.

    • Main Results:

    • Much modern mental retardation research contained methodological errors.
    • Sophisticated research designs emerged with a growing understanding of intelligence and learning.
    • Kappauf's model and other retardation models were discussed in relation to intelligence development.
    • Research on intelligence development informed intervention strategies.

    Conclusions:

    • A historical perspective reveals significant evolution in the study of mental retardation.
    • Methodological rigor has increased, leading to more sophisticated research designs.
    • Understanding intelligence development is crucial for effective intervention strategies.