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Cellular immunity to the mouse pneumonitis agent.

D M Williams, J Schachter, J J Coalson

    The Journal of Infectious Diseases
    |April 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    T cell function is crucial for fighting Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia in mice. Transferring immune T cells and activating cellular immunity enhance host defense against this infection.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Microbiology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Chlamydia trachomatis infection in mice.
    • T cell-dependent immunity in host defense.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Investigate the role of T cells in Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia.
    • Determine the mechanisms of host resistance to C. trachomatis.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparison of immune responses in heterozygous (nu/+) and athymic nude (nu/nu) mice.
    • Transfer of immune T cells to reconstitute immune function.
    • Assessment of delayed hypersensitivity and lymphocyte transformation.
    • Evaluation of alveolar macrophage activation.
    • Pre-infection with Histoplasma capsulatum to modulate cellular immunity.

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    Main Results:

    • Heterozygous mice exhibit T cell-mediated responses (delayed hypersensitivity, lymphocyte transformation) absent in nude mice.
    • T cell transfer protects nude mice from lethal C. trachomatis infection.
    • Antibody production in nude mice is restored by T cell transfer.
    • Resistance correlates with antigen-specific lymphocyte transformation.
    • Activated alveolar macrophages are present in infected heterozygous mice but not nude mice.
    • Pre-existing cellular immunity enhances resistance to C. trachomatis.

    Conclusions:

    • Cell-mediated immunity, dependent on T cells, is critical for host defense against C. trachomatis pneumonia.
    • Antigen-specific lymphocyte transformation is a key indicator of protective immunity.
    • Activated macrophages play a role in controlling C. trachomatis infection.