Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 10, 2026

Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
08:52

Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Published on: May 27, 2011

Ly 2 positive cytotoxic T lymphocytes, whether specific or non-specific in lytic activity, may express a large,

A Wilson, R Scollay, A P Abbot

    The Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Medical Science
    |August 1, 1984
    PubMed

    Cytotoxic clones consisting entirely of large, vacuolated granular lymphocytes (LGL) are produced with high frequency when individual purified mature Ly 2+ T cells are cultured at limit dilution in the presence of concanavalin A and irradiated spleen filler cells. Similar cells are produced in cultures of Ly 2- T cells but in lower proportion, the level of granular lymphocytes amongst the largely non-cytotoxic, Ly 2- L3T4+ product cells being only 20%. A proportion (15%) of LGL are also found in conventional mixed lymphocyte cultures. In the limit-dilution cultures of Ly 2+ T cells the LGL originate from the single precursor cell and not from the irradiated filler cells. They bear the markers expected of active cytotoxic T lymphocytes (Thy 1++; PNA++; Ly 1+; Ly 2++; L3T4-). Their DNA and chromosome complement appear normal. The granules within the cells are heterogeneous in form, and some resemble in ultrastructure those described in certain cytotoxic, suppressor and NK-cell lines. The granules do not show mast cell staining characteristics. The LGL are not phagocytic. Although LGL are associated with nonspecific cytotoxicity late in culture, the first granular cells appear early (day 3) and dominate in the clones at times when cytolysis is specific. LGL appear to be the normal morphological form of cytotoxic T lymphocytes when grown under these conditions.

    More Related Videos

    Expanding Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes from Umbilical Cord Blood that Target Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, and Adenovirus11:18

    Expanding Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes from Umbilical Cord Blood that Target Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, and Adenovirus

    Published on: May 7, 2012

    Accessing Early Differentiation of Virus-Specific Follicular Helper CD4+ T Cell in Acute LCMV-Infected Mice05:03

    Accessing Early Differentiation of Virus-Specific Follicular Helper CD4+ T Cell in Acute LCMV-Infected Mice

    Published on: April 26, 2024

    Related Concept Videos

    Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

    Cells of the Innate Immune Response

    The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
    Phagocytes
    Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
    Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

    Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

    The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
    The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
    T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

    T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

    T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
    Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
    T Cell Types and Functions01:24

    T Cell Types and Functions

    When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
    Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
    Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

    Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

    Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
    Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
    Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

    Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

    The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
    NK Cells
    NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...