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Peripheral sympathetic function in patients with a polyneuropathy.

M J Aminoff

    Journal of the Neurological Sciences
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Many patients with suspected polyneuropathy show abnormal peripheral vasoconstrictor responses. Evaluating peripheral vasomotor function can better characterize nerve fiber involvement in polyneuropathy.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Autonomic Nervous System Function

    Background:

    • Polyneuropathy diagnosis often relies on conventional electrophysiological tests.
    • Autonomic nervous system involvement is not always clinically apparent in polyneuropathy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate peripheral vasoconstrictor responses to inspiration in patients with suspected polyneuropathy.
    • To determine the utility of assessing peripheral vasomotor function in characterizing polyneuropathy.

    Main Methods:

    • Assessed peripheral vasoconstrictor responses to inspiration in fingertip blood vessels.
    • Utilized conventional electrophysiological tests for somatic motor and sensory function.
    • Analyzed nerve fiber involvement (motor, sensory, autonomic) and electrophysiological findings.

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    Main Results:

    • Abnormal peripheral vasoconstrictor responses were observed in 11 out of 20 patients with suspected polyneuropathy.
    • In patients with abnormal responses, neuropathy affected motor and sensory fibers (9/11), sensory alone (1/11), or autonomic alone (1/11).
    • Electrophysiological evidence of axonal degeneration was present in 9 of the 11 patients with abnormal vasomotor responses.

    Conclusions:

    • Peripheral vasoconstrictor responses to inspiration are frequently abnormal in polyneuropathy, even without overt autonomic symptoms.
    • Evaluating peripheral vasomotor function alongside standard tests provides a more comprehensive assessment of nerve fiber involvement in polyneuropathy.
    • This assessment aids in fully characterizing the spectrum of nerve fiber damage in polyneuropathy.