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Related Experiment Videos

Lead poisoning in feeder calves.

G D Osweiler, L P Ruhr

    Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
    |February 15, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Accidental lead exposure in feeder calves caused significant mortality and clinical signs. Elevated free erythrocyte porphyrin levels in blood proved a reliable indicator of lead intoxication in cattle.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Toxicology
    • Environmental Health
    • Animal Science

    Background:

    • Accidental lead exposure is a significant risk in livestock.
    • Contaminated feed ingredients can lead to widespread intoxication.
    • Identifying reliable biomarkers for lead poisoning in cattle is crucial for timely intervention.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of accidental lead exposure in feeder calves.
    • To evaluate the diagnostic value of blood lead, delta-amino levulinic acid dehydrase activity, and free erythrocyte porphyrin in lead-intoxicated cattle.

    Main Methods:

    • A group of 90 feeder calves was exposed to lead via contaminated feed for 30 days.
    • Blood samples were collected from 24 exposed calves (clinically normal and intoxicated).
    • Analysis included blood lead concentration, delta-amino levulinic acid dehydrase activity, and free erythrocyte porphyrin.

    Main Results:

    • Lead exposure resulted in 14 deaths and 8 clinically affected calves.
    • Blood lead values ranged from 0.44 to 1.16 ppm.
    • Free erythrocyte porphyrin levels were dramatically and consistently increased in lead-exposed cattle, while delta-amino levulinic acid dehydrase activity showed limited diagnostic value.

    Conclusions:

    • Accidental feed contamination with lead can cause severe intoxication and mortality in feeder calves.
    • Elevated free erythrocyte porphyrin is a sensitive and consistent biomarker for diagnosing lead poisoning in cattle.
    • Delta-amino levulinic acid dehydrase activity may be less reliable for diagnosing lead exposure in this context.

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