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Cannabinoid-induced hormone changes in monkeys and rats.

H Rosenkrantz, H J Esber

    Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
    |March 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Cannabinoids like delta-9-THC and cannabidiol disrupt hormone levels in animal studies. These endocrine changes, including altered testosterone and thyroid hormones, may explain reproductive and developmental issues linked to cannabis use.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Neuropharmacology
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Cannabinoids are known to affect sexual behavior centers in the brain.
    • Endocrine abnormalities have been consistently observed in animals exposed to cannabis constituents.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC) and cannabidiol on hormone levels in rats and monkeys.
    • To determine potential links between cannabinoid-induced hormone imbalance and reproductive or developmental toxicity.

    Main Methods:

    • Subacute and chronic studies involving oral administration of delta 9-THC to rats and oral administration of cannabidiol to monkeys.
    • Exposure of male rats to marihuana smoke.
    • Measurement of serum pituitary, steroid, and thyroid hormone levels using radioimmunoassay.

    Main Results:

    • Marihuana smoke and oral delta 9-THC decreased testosterone and triiodothyronine levels.
    • In pregnant rats, delta 9-THC altered luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and estrogen levels.
    • Cannabidiol treatment in monkeys resulted in slight increases in luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone in males.

    Conclusions:

    • Cannabinoid exposure can lead to significant hormone imbalances affecting reproductive and thyroid functions.
    • Observed endocrine disruptions provide a potential mechanism for cannabinoid-induced embryotoxicity and impaired gonadal function.

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