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Related Experiment Videos

Neuropsychiatric lupus.

T Abel, D D Gladman, M B Urowitz

    The Journal of Rheumatology
    |May 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Neuropsychiatric lupus (NPL) episodes are linked to more systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) symptoms and higher mortality. While EEG and brain scans showed abnormalities, serology and CSF were unhelpful for NPL diagnosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Rheumatology
    • Neurology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease.
    • Neuropsychiatric lupus (NPL) is a serious manifestation of SLE.
    • Identifying and managing NPL episodes remains a clinical challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To prospectively investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnostic utility of tests, and outcomes of neuropsychiatric lupus (NPL) episodes in patients with SLE.
    • To assess the relationship between NPL and other SLE manifestations.
    • To evaluate treatment responses and mortality associated with NPL.

    Main Methods:

    • Prospective follow-up of 66 patients with SLE, documenting 77 episodes of NPL.
    • Analysis of clinical SLE manifestations, serologic data, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, electroencephalogram (EEG), and brain scans.

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  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes, including response to corticosteroids, and patient mortality.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients experiencing NPL episodes exhibited more SLE manifestations compared to those without NPL.
    • Serologic data and CSF analysis were not effective in identifying NPL episodes.
    • EEG abnormalities were observed in over half of patients, and brain scan abnormalities in over three-quarters.
    • Of 74 NPL episodes with known outcomes, 54 improved, with 44 treated using increased corticosteroids.
    • Patients with NPL had a higher incidence of mortality compared to patients without NPL.

    Conclusions:

    • NPL is associated with increased SLE disease activity and poorer outcomes, including higher mortality.
    • Current diagnostic tools like serology and CSF analysis are limited in their utility for NPL diagnosis.
    • Neuroimaging and EEG may provide supportive evidence, and corticosteroid therapy can be effective in managing NPL episodes.