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Related Experiment Videos

The confirmation and maintenance of smallpox eradication.

J G Breman, I Arita

    The New England Journal of Medicine
    |November 27, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Global smallpox eradication was certified in 1979 and accepted by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1980. Ongoing surveillance and research ensure continued confidence in the eradication of this infectious disease.

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    Area of Science:

    • * Public Health
    • * Infectious Disease Epidemiology
    • * Virology

    Background:

    • * Smallpox, a highly contagious viral disease, posed a significant global health threat for centuries.
    • * The World Health Organization (WHO) launched an intensified eradication program in 1967, employing special certification procedures in endemic and at-risk countries.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • * To document the certification of global smallpox eradication.
    • * To outline ongoing strategies for maintaining confidence in eradication and monitoring for potential recurrence.

    Main Methods:

    • * Independent scientific commission review and certification of eradication.
    • * Formal acceptance of findings by the World Health Assembly.
    • * Implementation of containment protocols for remaining variola virus strains in six laboratories.

    Main Results:

    • * Global eradication of smallpox was certified in December 1979.
    • * No evidence suggests a recurrence of smallpox as an endemic disease.
    • * Strict containment measures are in place for the remaining variola virus samples.

    Conclusions:

    • * Smallpox has been successfully eradicated globally.
    • * Continued surveillance of smallpox-like illnesses and research on orthopoxviruses are recommended.
    • * Further understanding of orthopoxviruses, including monkeypox, is encouraged to support global health security.

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