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Related Experiment Videos

Is extracellular calcium required for insulin action?

C H Hobson, J D Upton, E G Loten

    Journal of Cyclic Nucleotide Research
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Extracellular calcium ions are not required for insulin action. Both isolated hepatocytes and adipocytes maintained insulin responsiveness even in extremely low calcium conditions, suggesting calcium

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    Area of Science:

    • Cellular biology
    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic research

    Background:

    • Insulin mediates crucial metabolic processes.
    • The role of extracellular calcium in insulin signaling remains incompletely understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the necessity of extracellular calcium ions for insulin's action on isolated hepatocytes and adipocytes.

    Main Methods:

    • Incubation of isolated hepatocytes and adipocytes in calcium-depleted buffers.
    • Assessment of cellular responses to insulin, including cyclic AMP levels, phosphodiesterase activity, glucose metabolism, and lipid synthesis.
    • Utilizing calcium-chelating agents like EGTA and calcium-free preparations of gelatin or albumin.

    Main Results:

    • Insulin elicited expected cellular responses (decreased cyclic AMP, increased phosphodiesterase activity) in both cell types, even without added calcium.
    • Hepatocytes showed reduced glucagon-stimulated glucose output, while adipocytes increased glucose oxidation and lipid synthesis, and decreased glycerol output, mirroring responses in physiological calcium levels.
    • These insulin-mediated effects persisted under conditions of extremely low extracellular calcium.

    Conclusions:

    • Extracellular calcium ions are not essential for mediating the acute actions of insulin on isolated hepatocytes and adipocytes.
    • Insulin signaling pathways in these cells can function effectively independently of external calcium concentrations.

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