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Polymorph leucocyte function in uraemia and jaundice.

E N Wardle, R Williams

    Acta Haematologica
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Toxins in jaundice and uremia impair leucocyte function, affecting key enzymes. However, chronic conditions may trigger adaptive enzyme increases, suggesting complex toxicological effects on immune cells.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Immunology
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Leukocyte (white blood cell) function is crucial for immune response.
    • Jaundice and uremia are conditions associated with toxin accumulation.
    • Understanding toxin impact on immune cells is vital for patient health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate how toxins in jaundice and uremia affect leukocyte function.
    • To identify specific enzymes impacted by these toxins, including NADPH oxidase, myeloperoxidase, and esterases.
    • To define the toxins responsible for altered leukocyte iodination and myeloperoxidase activity.

    Main Methods:

    • Biochemical assays were used to measure leukocyte function.
    • Cells from patients with jaundice and uremia were analyzed.

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  • Enzyme activity (NADPH oxidase, myeloperoxidase, esterases) was assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • Leukocyte function indices were depressed in fulminant hepatic failure, acute uremia, and alcoholic cirrhosis.
    • An adaptive increase in enzyme activity was observed in chronic uremia and obstructive jaundice.
    • Specific toxins affecting leukocyte iodination and myeloperoxidase were identified.

    Conclusions:

    • Toxins associated with jaundice and uremia significantly impact leukocyte biochemical functions.
    • The effects vary depending on the condition's acuity and chronicity, with some instances showing adaptive responses.
    • Defined toxins provide insight into the mechanisms of immune dysfunction in these diseases.