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Survey of virally mediated permeability changes
Abstract:
1. Sendai virus causes permeability changes when added to freshly isolated brain cells (cerebellum or ependymal cells) or to a culture of forebrain cells. 2. Sendai virus causes permeability changes when added to organ cultures of ferret lung or nasal turbinate. Influenza virus causes no permeability changes under these conditions. 3. Rabies virus and vesicular-stomatitis virus, in contrast with Sendai virus, do not cause permeability changes in BHK cells or Lettrée cells. 4. Serum from patients suffering from viral hepatitis does not cause permeability changes in human leucocytes; addition to Sendai virus causes permeability changes. 5. It is concluded that permeability changes accompanying viral entry occur only with certain types of paramyxovirus, but that there is little restriction on cell type. 6. MDBK cells infected with Sendai virus show permeability changes during viral release, similar to those that occur during viral entry. Because these changes do not appear to be restricted to paramyxoviruses, they may have considerable clinical significance.
Insights
Sendai virus alters cell membrane permeability in various brain and lung cells, indicating potential clinical significance. These viral entry and release-associated changes are not limited to paramyxoviruses.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Pathology
Background:
- Cell membrane permeability is crucial for cellular function and integrity.
- Viral infections can disrupt cellular processes, including membrane permeability.
- Understanding viral interactions with host cells is key to developing antiviral strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of Sendai virus on cell membrane permeability in different cell types.
- To determine if other viruses cause similar permeability changes.
- To explore the clinical significance of virus-induced permeability alterations.
Main Methods:
- Organotypic cultures of ferret lung and nasal turbinate were exposed to Sendai virus.
- Primary brain cell cultures (cerebellum, ependymal, forebrain) were treated with Sendai virus.
- Various cell lines (BHK, Lettrée, MDBK) and human leucocytes were used to assess viral effects on permeability.
Main Results:
- Sendai virus induced significant permeability changes in brain cells and ferret lung/nasal tissues.
- Influenza virus, rabies virus, and vesicular-stomatitis virus did not cause comparable permeability changes.
- Serum from viral hepatitis patients alone did not affect leucocyte permeability, but potentiated Sendai virus-induced changes.
- MDBK cells infected with Sendai virus exhibited permeability changes during viral release.
Conclusions:
- Permeability changes are associated with specific paramyxoviruses like Sendai virus during entry and release.
- These viral-induced permeability alterations are not restricted to a specific cell type.
- The findings suggest potential clinical significance in various viral infections due to cell permeability disruption.