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Cyclic nucleotides in breast milk.

J P Skala, O Koldovsky, P Hahn

    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    |March 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cyclic AMP (adenosine 3':5' monophosphate) and cyclic GMP (guanosine 3':5' monophosphate) levels fluctuate significantly in human breast milk. These cyclic nucleotides remain available for absorption by neonates after suckling.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Neonatal Physiology
    • Nutritional Science

    Background:

    • Cyclic AMP (adenosine 3':5' monophosphate) and cyclic GMP (guanosine 3':5' monophosphate) are crucial signaling molecules involved in cell proliferation and differentiation.
    • These processes are fundamental to the maturation and development of neonates.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify the concentrations of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in mammalian mother's milk.
    • To investigate the fluctuations of these cyclic nucleotides within human breast milk over various time periods.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP concentrations in human breast milk samples.
    • Analysis of nucleotide levels during nursing, daily, and throughout lactation.
    • Comparison of nucleotide ratios in milk versus blood plasma.

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    Main Results:

    • Cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP concentrations varied widely in human breast milk (0.1-0.7 nmol/ml and 0.01-0.15 nmol/ml, respectively).
    • Milk nucleotide levels exhibited significant fluctuations during nursing, daily cycles, and lactation.
    • Cyclic GMP levels were generally lower and less variable, with distinct patterns related to time of day and lactation stage.

    Conclusions:

    • Human breast milk contains fluctuating levels of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP.
    • These cyclic nucleotides are stable in the neonate's stomach for at least one hour post-suckling, suggesting potential for intestinal absorption.
    • Further research is needed to determine the physiological role of these cyclic nucleotides in neonates.