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Related Experiment Videos

Chelation therapy in nickel poisoning.

F W Sunderman

    Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (Dithiocarb) is a specific antidote for nickel carbonyl poisoning. It, along with dietary changes and other agents, shows promise for treating nickel-related skin conditions and tumors.

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    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology
    • Oncology
    • Dermatology

    Background:

    • Nickel carbonyl inhalation causes acute poisoning.
    • Nickel exposure can lead to eczema, dermatitis, and cancer.
    • Current treatments for nickel-related conditions vary in effectiveness.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the therapeutic efficacy of various agents for nickel poisoning and related conditions.
    • To explore potential treatments for nickel-induced cancers.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on nickel toxicity and treatment.
    • Analysis of antidote effectiveness for acute nickel carbonyl poisoning.
    • Evaluation of treatments for nickel dermatitis and experimental nickel-induced tumors.

    Main Results:

    • Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (Dithiocarb) is a specific antidote for nickel carbonyl poisoning.
    • Tetraethylthiuram (Antabuse) offers lesser efficacy for poisoning.
    • Low-nickel diets combined with Dithiocarb or Antabuse show promise for nickel dermatitis.
    • Dithiocarb inhibits nickel subsulfide-induced sarcomas in rats.
    • N-methyl formamide inhibits nickel fibromas in rats.

    Conclusions:

    • Dithiocarb is the primary antidote for acute nickel carbonyl poisoning.
    • Dietary modification and oral agents can manage nickel eczema/dermatitis.
    • Chelation therapy is a potential treatment for human tumors from nickel prostheses.

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