Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2026

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
10:27

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

The putative anti-thyrotropin receptor antibodies of Graves' disease. I. Gm allotypes

B Pepper, E P Noel, N R Farid

    Journal of Immunogenetics
    |April 1, 1981
    PubMed

    The hyperthyroidism of Graves' disease is thought to be related to antithyrotropin receptor (TSH-R) antibodies. In order to study the degree of immunogenetic homogeneity of these antibodies, we carried out Gm typing of 'receptor-purified' IgG from patients with active Graves' disease and controls. The results were compared to those of serum, total IgG and IgG which failed to attach to TSH-R. We found that in five out of seven Gm heterozygote patients studied the receptor-purified antibodies were restricted to the products of one haplotype compared to three out of five similar controls. Such eluted antibodies were biologically active. Similar results in terms of immunogenetic restriction and activity were obtained when F(ab)2 preparations were used. An unexpected finding was that sera and IgG from normal persons attached to thyroid membranes and that the attachment occurred via F(ab)2. Normal whole serum and 'receptor-purified' IgG and F(ab)2 inhibited TSH binding in the receptor assay; however, this inhibition showed no specificity for TSH-R.

    More Related Videos

    Generation of Recombinant Human IgG Monoclonal Antibodies from Immortalized Sorted B Cells10:32

    Generation of Recombinant Human IgG Monoclonal Antibodies from Immortalized Sorted B Cells

    Published on: June 5, 2015

    Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model04:39

    Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

    Published on: March 17, 2023

    Related Concept Videos

    Cross-reactivity00:42

    Cross-reactivity

    Overview
    Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

    Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

    Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
    These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which leads...
    Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

    Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests

    Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
    The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
    Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

    Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

    Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
    Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

    Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

    Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
    Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

    Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

    The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...