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Calcitonin messenger RNA encodes multiple polypeptides in a single precursor.

J W Jacobs, R H Goodman, W W Chin

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|July 24, 1981

Summary

Calcitonin, a calcium-regulating hormone, is synthesized from a larger precursor protein. Recombinant DNA analysis reveals peptide extensions flanking calcitonin, linked by basic amino acids, with implications for biosynthesis regulation.

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Endocrinology
Biochemistry

Background:

Calcitonin is a 32-amino acid hormone crucial for calcium regulation.
Understanding calcitonin biosynthesis is key to its physiological role.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the messenger RNA structure encoding calcitonin precursor.
To elucidate the molecular details of calcitonin biosynthesis.

Main Methods:

Recombinant DNA techniques were employed.
Nucleotide sequencing of complementary DNA (cDNA) was performed.

Main Results:

The messenger RNA encodes a calcitonin precursor with N- and C-terminal peptide extensions.
Calcitonin is linked to extensions via basic amino acid sequences.

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Glycine's position suggests a role in proline amidation for prolinamide formation.

Conclusions:

Calcitonin is derived from a larger precursor protein through enzymatic cleavages.
The regulation of these cleavages and functions of precursor extensions warrant further investigation.