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Related Experiment Videos

Nucleosome structure and conformational changes.

J D McGhee, G Felsenfeld, H Eisenberg

    Biophysical Journal
    |October 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    DNA accessibility on nucleosomes was measured using chemical probes. Results suggest the major groove is open and DNA ends weakly interact, implying functional significance for exposed DNA.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Biochemistry
    • Structural Biology

    Background:

    • Nucleosomes are the fundamental units of DNA packaging in eukaryotes.
    • Understanding DNA accessibility within nucleosomes is crucial for gene regulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the accessibility of DNA on the nucleosome surface.
    • To explore the structural properties of nucleosome-core DNA complexes.
    • To examine conformational changes in nucleosomes under varying ionic conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized chemical probes to assess DNA accessibility.
    • Formed complexes using T4 phage DNA and core histones.
    • Measured frictional coefficients at high ionic strength.

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    Main Results:

    • T4 DNA forms functional nucleosome complexes, indicating the major groove is not fully occupied by histone side chains.
    • Terminal DNA segments (approx. 20 base pairs) show weak charge interactions with the nucleosome core.
    • High ionic strength induces minor conformational changes, possibly due to terminal DNA dissociation.

    Conclusions:

    • The nucleosome's major groove and DNA termini are accessible, suggesting potential roles in DNA-protein interactions and regulation.
    • Nucleosome structure is maintained at high salt concentrations, with terminal DNA dissociation as a likely event.