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Sugar residues on proteins.

P V Wagh, O P Bahl

    CRC Critical Reviews in Biochemistry
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This review explores the chemistry of the carbohydrate portion of glycoproteins, detailing monosaccharide types, chain structures, and linkages. It examines methods for structural elucidation and the carbohydrate

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Glycobiology
    • Mammalian Systems

    Background:

    • Glycoproteins are crucial in mammalian systems, including membrane glycoproteins and hormones.
    • Understanding glycoprotein chemistry requires knowledge of both protein and carbohydrate components.
    • While protein chemistry is well-established, the carbohydrate moiety warrants detailed review.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the chemical nature of the carbohydrate moiety in glycoproteins.
    • To describe monosaccharides, carbohydrate chain diversity, and linkages to proteins.
    • To examine methods for structural elucidation and the function of carbohydrates in glycoproteins.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on glycoprotein carbohydrate chemistry.
    • Discussion of monosaccharide composition and carbohydrate chain structures.

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  • Analysis of linkage types between carbohydrates and proteins.
  • Overview of analytical techniques including periodate oxidation, methylation, hydrolysis, glycosidase digestion, gas chromatography, and mass spectrometry.

    • Main Results:

    • Detailed description of monosaccharides found in mammalian glycoproteins.
    • Explanation of the diversity in size, number, and structure of carbohydrate chains.
    • Investigation into the influence of protein sequence on carbohydrate structure.
    • Exploration of the role of carbohydrates in hormone function and glycoprotein turnover.

    Conclusions:

    • The carbohydrate moiety of glycoproteins exhibits significant diversity in structure and linkage.
    • Analytical techniques are available for detailed structural elucidation of glycoprotein carbohydrates.
    • Carbohydrates play critical roles in the biological and immunological functions of glycoproteins, as well as their turnover.