[New method of thymus transplantation]

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Pediatric Surgery
• Transplantation Medicine

Background:

• Primary immunodeficiencies and childhood cancers often compromise T-cell mediated immunity.
• Effective T-cell reconstitution is crucial for patient survival and quality of life.
• Existing treatments may have limitations regarding graft survival and immune compatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe a surgical procedure for thymus transplantation in pediatric patients.
• To enhance the physiological activity and reduce immune rejection of thymus grafts.
• To restore T-cell immunity in children with primary immunodeficient states and malignant neoplasms.

Main Methods:

• Utilized fetal thymus glands, separated from the breast bone to preserve physiological activity.
• Performed blood channel reconstruction on the thymus graft prior to transplantation.
• Connected the prepared thymus graft to the patient's circulatory system to ensure laminar blood flow.

Main Results:

• Thymus transplantation was successfully performed in 25 pediatric cases.
• No instances of acute rejection or anti-recipient reactions were observed post-transplantation.
• Immune response indices normalized within a 6-7 month timeframe following the procedure.

Conclusions:

• This surgical technique for fetal thymus transplantation is safe and effective in pediatric patients.
• The method prevents graft rejection and restores T-cell immune function.
• It offers a promising therapeutic option for children with severe T-cell deficiencies and certain cancers.